Description of the deliverable content and purpose
The main focus of WP3 within E-SENSE project is to create a new generation of more capable wireless sensory. The major goal of WP3 is to design a highly optimised, energy efficient physical layer technologies and combine it with cross-layer optimised and designed protocols from the physical to the transport layer. We have first developed methodologies for optimising existing physical layer technologies for use in wireless sensor networks in T3.1.
Advanced RF sensing techniques have been designed to support context and situation awareness e.g. to estimate nodes relative distance and for monitoring and measuring the quality of available radio links in an innovative manner. Hardware validation of these physical layer techniques is being performed to illustrate the advancements in terms of energy efficiency.
In order to seek for system efficiency, our approach relies on cross-layer design to build an energy-efficient, integrated and cross layer optimised protocol stack made of protocol elements studied in T3.2. Cross-layer information related to the radio channel conditions, node mobility, relative position of the nodes is extensively used to optimise the performance of the different layers of the protocols stack. Our objective is to build highly efficient communication profiles for air interfaces and to provide a low energy consuming, reliable communication service to the existing and newly emerging applications considered in e-SENSE and elsewhere.
This deliverable presents two different instantiation of the e-SENSE protocol stack spanning from the physical layer up to the network layer, since the final results for the middleware subsystem is described in the deliverables D4.1.2, D4.2.2 and D4.3.2. The choice of presenting two instantiations instead of a general one rises from the number of different application scenarios that have been analyzed during e-SENSE. In fact, since most of these scenarios can be summarized into two main categories, this deliverable aims at presenting two feasible solutions tailored to fit these categories. The two instantiations presented here are not exhaustive of the possibilities offered by the e-SENSE system, but are those with the widest range of possible application scenarios.
Starting from the application scenarios highlighted in deliverable D1.4.1, two main groups of scenarios have been defined: the first is characterized by limited dimension, low number of nodes and very little internal mobility and can be identified with Body Sensor Networks (BSN) or little Environment Sensor Networks (ESN); while the second comprehend those scenarios presenting large scale area of operation, a higher number of sensor involved and sensors of the network might be moving around.
The structure of this deliverable follows the partitioning derived from the scenarios categories presenting in Section 2 - an introductory description of the two groups of scenarios, in Section 3 - cross optimised protocol elements for BSN and Section 4 - cross optimised protocol elements for large scale ESN. Section 5 - presents the conclusions of this deliverable and in Section 6 - are listed the references.
In details both Section 3 - and Section 4 - presenting the connectivity subsystem protocol elements.
Section 3.1.1 presents the PSMA protocol stack: it aims at replacing the proposed IEEE 802.15.4a slotted ALOHA and the optional clear channel assessment mode contention access protocols offering a better energy-efficiency while maintaining good throughput and acceptable delay.
Section 3.1.2 describes the LATP protocol element that efficiently controls the end-to-end rate for A/V streaming applications in CSMA/CA based multi-hop environmental sensor networks.
Section 4.1.1 describes IRIS as a complete protocol stack for ESN spanning through physical up to network layer joining neighbour estimation, interest dissemination and converge-casting solutions into a unified protocol.
Sections 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.3 and 4.1.4 present the descriptions of the protocol elements that can integrate and/or replace part of the IRIS protocol; in particular RoCoDiLe is designed exploiting precise geographical knowledge of sensor position, while ALBA needs only rough information like hop-count coordinates. URWR is a unicast random-walk routing that needs only very little information to run. PFS is an alternate interest dissemination algorithm. Finally, Section 4.1.5 focuses on mobility concept; in particular it analyses those scenarios where the gateway/sink can move through the network.
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